Class Character
- All Implemented Interfaces:
- Serializable,- Comparable<Character>,- Constable
Character class is the wrapper class for values of the primitive
 type char. An object of type Character contains a
 single field whose type is char.
 In addition, this class provides a large number of static methods for determining a character's category (lowercase letter, digit, etc.) and for converting characters from uppercase to lowercase and vice versa.
Unicode Conformance
 The fields and methods of class Character are defined in terms
 of character information from the Unicode Standard, specifically the
 UnicodeData file that is part of the Unicode Character Database.
 This file specifies properties including name and category for every
 assigned Unicode code point or character range. The file is available
 from the Unicode Consortium at
 http://www.unicode.org.
 
Character information is based on the Unicode Standard, version 16.0.
The Java platform has supported different versions of the Unicode Standard over time. Upgrades to newer versions of the Unicode Standard occurred in the following Java releases, each indicating the new version:
| Java release | Unicode version | 
|---|---|
| Java SE 24 | Unicode 16.0 | 
| Java SE 22 | Unicode 15.1 | 
| Java SE 20 | Unicode 15.0 | 
| Java SE 19 | Unicode 14.0 | 
| Java SE 15 | Unicode 13.0 | 
| Java SE 13 | Unicode 12.1 | 
| Java SE 12 | Unicode 11.0 | 
| Java SE 11 | Unicode 10.0 | 
| Java SE 9 | Unicode 8.0 | 
| Java SE 8 | Unicode 6.2 | 
| Java SE 7 | Unicode 6.0 | 
| Java SE 5.0 | Unicode 4.0 | 
| Java SE 1.4 | Unicode 3.0 | 
| JDK 1.1 | Unicode 2.0 | 
| JDK 1.0.2 | Unicode 1.1.5 | 
Unicode Character Representations
The char data type (and therefore the value that a
 Character object encapsulates) are based on the
 original Unicode specification, which defined characters as
 fixed-width 16-bit entities. The Unicode Standard has since been
 changed to allow for characters whose representation requires more
 than 16 bits.  The range of legal code points is now
 U+0000 to U+10FFFF, known as Unicode scalar value.
 (Refer to the 
 definition of the U+n notation in the Unicode
 Standard.)
 
The set of characters from U+0000 to U+FFFF is
 sometimes referred to as the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP).
 Characters whose code points are greater
 than U+FFFF are called supplementary characters.  The Java
 platform uses the UTF-16 representation in char arrays and
 in the String and StringBuffer classes. In
 this representation, supplementary characters are represented as a pair
 of char values, the first from the high-surrogates
 range, (\uD800-\uDBFF), the second from the
 low-surrogates range (\uDC00-\uDFFF).
 
A char value, therefore, represents Basic
 Multilingual Plane (BMP) code points, including the surrogate
 code points, or code units of the UTF-16 encoding. An
 int value represents all Unicode code points,
 including supplementary code points. The lower (least significant)
 21 bits of int are used to represent Unicode code
 points and the upper (most significant) 11 bits must be zero.
 Unless otherwise specified, the behavior with respect to
 supplementary characters and surrogate char values is
 as follows:
 
- The methods that only accept a charvalue cannot support supplementary characters. They treatcharvalues from the surrogate ranges as undefined characters. For example,Character.isLetter('\uD840')returnsfalse, even though this specific value if followed by any low-surrogate value in a string would represent a letter.
- The methods that accept an intvalue support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters. For example,Character.isLetter(0x2F81A)returnstruebecause the code point value represents a letter (a CJK ideograph).
In the Java SE API documentation, Unicode code point is
 used for character values in the range between U+0000 and U+10FFFF,
 and Unicode code unit is used for 16-bit
 char values that are code units of the UTF-16
 encoding. For more information on Unicode terminology, refer to the
 Unicode Glossary.
 
This is a value-based class; programmers should treat instances that are equal as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
- Since:
- 1.0
- External Specifications
- See Also:
- 
Nested Class SummaryNested ClassesModifier and TypeClassDescriptionstatic classInstances of this class represent particular subsets of the Unicode character set.static final classA family of character subsets representing the character blocks in the Unicode specification.static enumA family of character subsets representing the character scripts defined in the Unicode Standard Annex #24: Script Names.
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Field SummaryFieldsModifier and TypeFieldDescriptionstatic final intThe number of bytes used to represent acharvalue in unsigned binary form.static final byteGeneral category "Mc" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Pc" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Cc" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Sc" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Pd" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Nd" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "AN" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "BN" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "CS" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "EN" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "ES" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "ET" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "FSI" in the Unicode specification.static final byteStrong bidirectional character type "L" in the Unicode specification.static final byteStrong bidirectional character type "LRE" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "LRI" in the Unicode specification.static final byteStrong bidirectional character type "LRO" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "NSM" in the Unicode specification.static final byteNeutral bidirectional character type "ON" in the Unicode specification.static final byteNeutral bidirectional character type "B" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "PDF" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "PDI" in the Unicode specification.static final byteStrong bidirectional character type "R" in the Unicode specification.static final byteStrong bidirectional character type "AL" in the Unicode specification.static final byteStrong bidirectional character type "RLE" in the Unicode specification.static final byteWeak bidirectional character type "RLI" in the Unicode specification.static final byteStrong bidirectional character type "RLO" in the Unicode specification.static final byteNeutral bidirectional character type "S" in the Unicode specification.static final byteUndefined bidirectional character type.static final byteNeutral bidirectional character type "WS" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Me" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Pe" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Pf" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Cf" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Pi" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Nl" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Zl" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Ll" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Sm" in the Unicode specification.static final intThe maximum value of a Unicode code point, constantU+10FFFF.static final charThe maximum value of a Unicode high-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uDBFF'.static final charThe maximum value of a Unicode low-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uDFFF'.static final intThe maximum radix available for conversion to and from strings.static final charThe maximum value of a Unicode surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uDFFF'.static final charThe constant value of this field is the largest value of typechar,'\uFFFF'.static final intThe minimum value of a Unicode code point, constantU+0000.static final charThe minimum value of a Unicode high-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uD800'.static final charThe minimum value of a Unicode low-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uDC00'.static final intThe minimum radix available for conversion to and from strings.static final intThe minimum value of a Unicode supplementary code point, constantU+10000.static final charThe minimum value of a Unicode surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uD800'.static final charThe constant value of this field is the smallest value of typechar,'\u0000'.static final byteGeneral category "Lm" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Sk" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Mn" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Lo" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "No" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Po" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "So" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Zp" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Co" in the Unicode specification.static final intThe number of bits used to represent acharvalue in unsigned binary form, constant16.static final byteGeneral category "Zs" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Ps" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Cs" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Lt" in the Unicode specification.TheClassinstance representing the primitive typechar.static final byteGeneral category "Cn" in the Unicode specification.static final byteGeneral category "Lu" in the Unicode specification.
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Constructor SummaryConstructorsConstructorDescriptionCharacter(char value) Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.It is rarely appropriate to use this constructor.
- 
Method SummaryModifier and TypeMethodDescriptionstatic intcharCount(int codePoint) Determines the number ofcharvalues needed to represent the specified character (Unicode code point).charReturns the value of thisCharacterobject.static intcodePointAt(char[] a, int index) Returns the code point at the given index of thechararray.static intcodePointAt(char[] a, int index, int limit) Returns the code point at the given index of thechararray, where only array elements withindexless thanlimitcan be used.static intcodePointAt(CharSequence seq, int index) Returns the code point at the given index of theCharSequence.static intcodePointBefore(char[] a, int index) Returns the code point preceding the given index of thechararray.static intcodePointBefore(char[] a, int index, int start) Returns the code point preceding the given index of thechararray, where only array elements withindexgreater than or equal tostartcan be used.static intcodePointBefore(CharSequence seq, int index) Returns the code point preceding the given index of theCharSequence.static intcodePointCount(char[] a, int offset, int count) Returns the number of Unicode code points in a subarray of thechararray argument.static intcodePointCount(CharSequence seq, int beginIndex, int endIndex) Returns the number of Unicode code points in the text range of the specified char sequence.static intcodePointOf(String name) Returns the code point value of the Unicode character specified by the given character name.static intcompare(char x, char y) Compares twocharvalues numerically.intCompares twoCharacterobjects numerically.Returns anOptionalcontaining the nominal descriptor for this instance.static intdigit(char ch, int radix) Returns the numeric value of the characterchin the specified radix.static intdigit(int codePoint, int radix) Returns the numeric value of the specified character (Unicode code point) in the specified radix.booleanCompares this object against the specified object.static charforDigit(int digit, int radix) Determines the character representation for a specific digit in the specified radix.static bytegetDirectionality(char ch) Returns the Unicode directionality property for the given character.static bytegetDirectionality(int codePoint) Returns the Unicode directionality property for the given character (Unicode code point).static StringgetName(int codePoint) Returns the name of the specified charactercodePoint, or null if the code point isunassigned.static intgetNumericValue(char ch) Returns theintvalue that the specified Unicode character represents.static intgetNumericValue(int codePoint) Returns theintvalue that the specified character (Unicode code point) represents.static intgetType(char ch) Returns a value indicating a character's general category.static intgetType(int codePoint) Returns a value indicating a character's general category.inthashCode()Returns a hash code for thisCharacter; equal to the result of invokingcharValue().static inthashCode(char value) Returns a hash code for acharvalue; compatible withCharacter.hashCode().static charhighSurrogate(int codePoint) Returns the leading surrogate (a high surrogate code unit) of the surrogate pair representing the specified supplementary character (Unicode code point) in the UTF-16 encoding.static booleanisAlphabetic(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is alphabetic.static booleanisBmpCodePoint(int codePoint) Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP).static booleanisDefined(char ch) Determines if a character is defined in Unicode.static booleanisDefined(int codePoint) Determines if a character (Unicode code point) is defined in Unicode.static booleanisDigit(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a digit.static booleanisDigit(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a digit.static booleanisEmoji(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji.static booleanisEmojiComponent(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Component.static booleanisEmojiModifier(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Modifier.static booleanisEmojiModifierBase(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Modifier Base.static booleanisEmojiPresentation(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) has the Emoji Presentation property by default.static booleanisExtendedPictographic(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Extended Pictographic.static booleanisHighSurrogate(char ch) Determines if the givencharvalue is a Unicode high-surrogate code unit (also known as leading-surrogate code unit).static booleanisIdentifierIgnorable(char ch) Determines if the specified character should be regarded as an ignorable character in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier.static booleanisIdentifierIgnorable(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) should be regarded as an ignorable character in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier.static booleanisIdeographic(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a CJKV (Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese) ideograph, as defined by the Unicode Standard.static booleanisISOControl(char ch) Determines if the specified character is an ISO control character.static booleanisISOControl(int codePoint) Determines if the referenced character (Unicode code point) is an ISO control character.static booleanisJavaIdentifierPart(char ch) Determines if the specified character may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.static booleanisJavaIdentifierPart(int codePoint) Determines if the character (Unicode code point) may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.static booleanisJavaIdentifierStart(char ch) Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.static booleanisJavaIdentifierStart(int codePoint) Determines if the character (Unicode code point) is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.static booleanisJavaLetter(char ch) Deprecated.Replaced by isJavaIdentifierStart(char).static booleanisJavaLetterOrDigit(char ch) Deprecated.Replaced by isJavaIdentifierPart(char).static booleanisLetter(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a letter.static booleanisLetter(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a letter.static booleanisLetterOrDigit(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a letter or digit.static booleanisLetterOrDigit(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a letter or digit.static booleanisLowerCase(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a lowercase character.static booleanisLowerCase(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a lowercase character.static booleanisLowSurrogate(char ch) Determines if the givencharvalue is a Unicode low-surrogate code unit (also known as trailing-surrogate code unit).static booleanisMirrored(char ch) Determines whether the character is mirrored according to the Unicode specification.static booleanisMirrored(int codePoint) Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is mirrored according to the Unicode specification.static booleanisSpace(char ch) Deprecated.Replaced by isWhitespace(char).static booleanisSpaceChar(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a Unicode space character.static booleanisSpaceChar(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a Unicode space character.static booleanisSupplementaryCodePoint(int codePoint) Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is in the supplementary character range.static booleanisSurrogate(char ch) Determines if the givencharvalue is a Unicode surrogate code unit.static booleanisSurrogatePair(char high, char low) Determines whether the specified pair ofcharvalues is a valid Unicode surrogate pair.static booleanisTitleCase(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a titlecase character.static booleanisTitleCase(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a titlecase character.static booleanisUnicodeIdentifierPart(char ch) Determines if the specified character may be part of a Unicode identifier as other than the first character.static booleanisUnicodeIdentifierPart(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) may be part of a Unicode identifier as other than the first character.static booleanisUnicodeIdentifierStart(char ch) Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Unicode identifier.static booleanisUnicodeIdentifierStart(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is permissible as the first character in a Unicode identifier.static booleanisUpperCase(char ch) Determines if the specified character is an uppercase character.static booleanisUpperCase(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an uppercase character.static booleanisValidCodePoint(int codePoint) Determines whether the specified code point is a valid Unicode code point value.static booleanisWhitespace(char ch) Determines if the specified character is white space according to Java.static booleanisWhitespace(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is white space according to Java.static charlowSurrogate(int codePoint) Returns the trailing surrogate (a low surrogate code unit) of the surrogate pair representing the specified supplementary character (Unicode code point) in the UTF-16 encoding.static intoffsetByCodePoints(char[] a, int start, int count, int index, int codePointOffset) Returns the index within the givencharsubarray that is offset from the givenindexbycodePointOffsetcode points.static intoffsetByCodePoints(CharSequence seq, int index, int codePointOffset) Returns the index within the given char sequence that is offset from the givenindexbycodePointOffsetcode points.static charreverseBytes(char ch) Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bytes in the specifiedcharvalue.static char[]toChars(int codePoint) Converts the specified character (Unicode code point) to its UTF-16 representation stored in achararray.static inttoChars(int codePoint, char[] dst, int dstIndex) Converts the specified character (Unicode code point) to its UTF-16 representation.static inttoCodePoint(char high, char low) Converts the specified surrogate pair to its supplementary code point value.static chartoLowerCase(char ch) Converts the character argument to lowercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.static inttoLowerCase(int codePoint) Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to lowercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.toString()Returns aStringobject representing thisCharacter's value.static StringtoString(char c) Returns aStringobject representing the specifiedchar.static StringtoString(int codePoint) Returns aStringobject representing the specified character (Unicode code point).static chartoTitleCase(char ch) Converts the character argument to titlecase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.static inttoTitleCase(int codePoint) Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to titlecase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.static chartoUpperCase(char ch) Converts the character argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.static inttoUpperCase(int codePoint) Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.static CharactervalueOf(char c) Returns aCharacterinstance representing the specifiedcharvalue.
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Field Details- 
MIN_RADIXpublic static final int MIN_RADIXThe minimum radix available for conversion to and from strings. The constant value of this field is the smallest value permitted for the radix argument in radix-conversion methods such as thedigitmethod, theforDigitmethod, and thetoStringmethod of classInteger.- See Also:
 
- 
MAX_RADIXpublic static final int MAX_RADIXThe maximum radix available for conversion to and from strings. The constant value of this field is the largest value permitted for the radix argument in radix-conversion methods such as thedigitmethod, theforDigitmethod, and thetoStringmethod of classInteger.- See Also:
 
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MIN_VALUEpublic static final char MIN_VALUEThe constant value of this field is the smallest value of typechar,'\u0000'.- Since:
- 1.0.2
- See Also:
 
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MAX_VALUEpublic static final char MAX_VALUEThe constant value of this field is the largest value of typechar,'\uFFFF'.- Since:
- 1.0.2
- See Also:
 
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TYPE
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UNASSIGNEDpublic static final byte UNASSIGNEDGeneral category "Cn" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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UPPERCASE_LETTERpublic static final byte UPPERCASE_LETTERGeneral category "Lu" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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LOWERCASE_LETTERpublic static final byte LOWERCASE_LETTERGeneral category "Ll" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
TITLECASE_LETTERpublic static final byte TITLECASE_LETTERGeneral category "Lt" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
MODIFIER_LETTERpublic static final byte MODIFIER_LETTERGeneral category "Lm" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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OTHER_LETTERpublic static final byte OTHER_LETTERGeneral category "Lo" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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NON_SPACING_MARKpublic static final byte NON_SPACING_MARKGeneral category "Mn" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
ENCLOSING_MARKpublic static final byte ENCLOSING_MARKGeneral category "Me" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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COMBINING_SPACING_MARKpublic static final byte COMBINING_SPACING_MARKGeneral category "Mc" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBERpublic static final byte DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBERGeneral category "Nd" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
LETTER_NUMBERpublic static final byte LETTER_NUMBERGeneral category "Nl" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
OTHER_NUMBERpublic static final byte OTHER_NUMBERGeneral category "No" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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SPACE_SEPARATORpublic static final byte SPACE_SEPARATORGeneral category "Zs" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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LINE_SEPARATORpublic static final byte LINE_SEPARATORGeneral category "Zl" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
PARAGRAPH_SEPARATORpublic static final byte PARAGRAPH_SEPARATORGeneral category "Zp" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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CONTROLpublic static final byte CONTROLGeneral category "Cc" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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FORMATpublic static final byte FORMATGeneral category "Cf" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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PRIVATE_USEpublic static final byte PRIVATE_USEGeneral category "Co" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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SURROGATEpublic static final byte SURROGATEGeneral category "Cs" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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DASH_PUNCTUATIONpublic static final byte DASH_PUNCTUATIONGeneral category "Pd" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
START_PUNCTUATIONpublic static final byte START_PUNCTUATIONGeneral category "Ps" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
END_PUNCTUATIONpublic static final byte END_PUNCTUATIONGeneral category "Pe" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
CONNECTOR_PUNCTUATIONpublic static final byte CONNECTOR_PUNCTUATIONGeneral category "Pc" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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OTHER_PUNCTUATIONpublic static final byte OTHER_PUNCTUATIONGeneral category "Po" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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MATH_SYMBOLpublic static final byte MATH_SYMBOLGeneral category "Sm" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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CURRENCY_SYMBOLpublic static final byte CURRENCY_SYMBOLGeneral category "Sc" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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MODIFIER_SYMBOLpublic static final byte MODIFIER_SYMBOLGeneral category "Sk" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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OTHER_SYMBOLpublic static final byte OTHER_SYMBOLGeneral category "So" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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INITIAL_QUOTE_PUNCTUATIONpublic static final byte INITIAL_QUOTE_PUNCTUATIONGeneral category "Pi" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
- 
FINAL_QUOTE_PUNCTUATIONpublic static final byte FINAL_QUOTE_PUNCTUATIONGeneral category "Pf" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINEDpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINEDUndefined bidirectional character type. Undefinedcharvalues have undefined directionality in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHTpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHTStrong bidirectional character type "L" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFTpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFTStrong bidirectional character type "R" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ARABICpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ARABICStrong bidirectional character type "AL" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBERpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBERWeak bidirectional character type "EN" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER_SEPARATORpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER_SEPARATORWeak bidirectional character type "ES" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER_TERMINATORpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER_TERMINATORWeak bidirectional character type "ET" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_ARABIC_NUMBERpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_ARABIC_NUMBERWeak bidirectional character type "AN" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_COMMON_NUMBER_SEPARATORpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_COMMON_NUMBER_SEPARATORWeak bidirectional character type "CS" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_NONSPACING_MARKpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_NONSPACING_MARKWeak bidirectional character type "NSM" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_BOUNDARY_NEUTRALpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_BOUNDARY_NEUTRALWeak bidirectional character type "BN" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_PARAGRAPH_SEPARATORpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_PARAGRAPH_SEPARATORNeutral bidirectional character type "B" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
- 
DIRECTIONALITY_SEGMENT_SEPARATORpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_SEGMENT_SEPARATORNeutral bidirectional character type "S" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
- 
DIRECTIONALITY_WHITESPACEpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_WHITESPACENeutral bidirectional character type "WS" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_OTHER_NEUTRALSpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_OTHER_NEUTRALSNeutral bidirectional character type "ON" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_EMBEDDINGpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_EMBEDDINGStrong bidirectional character type "LRE" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_OVERRIDEpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_OVERRIDEStrong bidirectional character type "LRO" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_EMBEDDINGpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_EMBEDDINGStrong bidirectional character type "RLE" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_OVERRIDEpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_OVERRIDEStrong bidirectional character type "RLO" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_POP_DIRECTIONAL_FORMATpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_POP_DIRECTIONAL_FORMATWeak bidirectional character type "PDF" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_ISOLATEpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_ISOLATEWeak bidirectional character type "LRI" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 9
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ISOLATEpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ISOLATEWeak bidirectional character type "RLI" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 9
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_FIRST_STRONG_ISOLATEpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_FIRST_STRONG_ISOLATEWeak bidirectional character type "FSI" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 9
- See Also:
 
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DIRECTIONALITY_POP_DIRECTIONAL_ISOLATEpublic static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_POP_DIRECTIONAL_ISOLATEWeak bidirectional character type "PDI" in the Unicode specification.- Since:
- 9
- See Also:
 
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MIN_HIGH_SURROGATEpublic static final char MIN_HIGH_SURROGATEThe minimum value of a Unicode high-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uD800'. A high-surrogate is also known as a leading-surrogate.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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MAX_HIGH_SURROGATEpublic static final char MAX_HIGH_SURROGATEThe maximum value of a Unicode high-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uDBFF'. A high-surrogate is also known as a leading-surrogate.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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MIN_LOW_SURROGATEpublic static final char MIN_LOW_SURROGATEThe minimum value of a Unicode low-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uDC00'. A low-surrogate is also known as a trailing-surrogate.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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MAX_LOW_SURROGATEpublic static final char MAX_LOW_SURROGATEThe maximum value of a Unicode low-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uDFFF'. A low-surrogate is also known as a trailing-surrogate.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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MIN_SURROGATEpublic static final char MIN_SURROGATEThe minimum value of a Unicode surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uD800'.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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MAX_SURROGATEpublic static final char MAX_SURROGATEThe maximum value of a Unicode surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant'\uDFFF'.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINTpublic static final int MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINTThe minimum value of a Unicode supplementary code point, constantU+10000.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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MIN_CODE_POINTpublic static final int MIN_CODE_POINTThe minimum value of a Unicode code point, constantU+0000.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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MAX_CODE_POINTpublic static final int MAX_CODE_POINTThe maximum value of a Unicode code point, constantU+10FFFF.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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SIZEpublic static final int SIZEThe number of bits used to represent acharvalue in unsigned binary form, constant16.- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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BYTESpublic static final int BYTESThe number of bytes used to represent acharvalue in unsigned binary form.- Since:
- 1.8
- See Also:
 
 
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Constructor Details- 
CharacterDeprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.It is rarely appropriate to use this constructor. The static factoryvalueOf(char)is generally a better choice, as it is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.Constructs a newly allocatedCharacterobject that represents the specifiedcharvalue.- Parameters:
- value- the value to be represented by the- Characterobject.
 
 
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Method Details- 
describeConstableReturns anOptionalcontaining the nominal descriptor for this instance.- Specified by:
- describeConstablein interface- Constable
- Returns:
- an Optionaldescribing the Character instance
- Since:
- 15
 
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valueOfReturns aCharacterinstance representing the specifiedcharvalue. If a newCharacterinstance is not required, this method should generally be used in preference to the constructorCharacter(char), as this method is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance by caching frequently requested values. This method will always cache values in the range'\u0000'to'\u007F', inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.- Parameters:
- c- a char value.
- Returns:
- a Characterinstance representingc.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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charValuepublic char charValue()Returns the value of thisCharacterobject.- Returns:
- the primitive charvalue represented by this object.
 
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hashCode
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hashCodepublic static int hashCode(char value) Returns a hash code for acharvalue; compatible withCharacter.hashCode().- Parameters:
- value- The- charfor which to return a hash code.
- Returns:
- a hash code value for a charvalue.
- Since:
- 1.8
 
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equalsCompares this object against the specified object. The result istrueif and only if the argument is notnulland is aCharacterobject that represents the samecharvalue as this object.
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toString
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toStringReturns aStringobject representing the specifiedchar. The result is a string of length 1 consisting solely of the specifiedchar.- API Note:
- This method cannot handle  supplementary characters. To support
 all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use
 the toString(int)method.
- Parameters:
- c- the- charto be converted
- Returns:
- the string representation of the specified char
- Since:
- 1.4
 
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toStringReturns aStringobject representing the specified character (Unicode code point). The result is a string of length 1 or 2, consisting solely of the specifiedcodePoint.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the- codePointto be converted
- Returns:
- the string representation of the specified codePoint
- Throws:
- IllegalArgumentException- if the specified- codePointis not a valid Unicode code point.
- Since:
- 11
 
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isValidCodePointpublic static boolean isValidCodePoint(int codePoint) Determines whether the specified code point is a valid Unicode code point value.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the Unicode code point to be tested
- Returns:
- trueif the specified code point value is between- MIN_CODE_POINTand- MAX_CODE_POINTinclusive;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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isBmpCodePointpublic static boolean isBmpCodePoint(int codePoint) Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). Such code points can be represented using a singlechar.
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isSupplementaryCodePointpublic static boolean isSupplementaryCodePoint(int codePoint) Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is in the supplementary character range.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested
- Returns:
- trueif the specified code point is between- MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINTand- MAX_CODE_POINTinclusive;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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isHighSurrogatepublic static boolean isHighSurrogate(char ch) Determines if the givencharvalue is a Unicode high-surrogate code unit (also known as leading-surrogate code unit).Such values do not represent characters by themselves, but are used in the representation of supplementary characters in the UTF-16 encoding. - Parameters:
- ch- the- charvalue to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the- charvalue is between- MIN_HIGH_SURROGATEand- MAX_HIGH_SURROGATEinclusive;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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isLowSurrogatepublic static boolean isLowSurrogate(char ch) Determines if the givencharvalue is a Unicode low-surrogate code unit (also known as trailing-surrogate code unit).Such values do not represent characters by themselves, but are used in the representation of supplementary characters in the UTF-16 encoding. - Parameters:
- ch- the- charvalue to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the- charvalue is between- MIN_LOW_SURROGATEand- MAX_LOW_SURROGATEinclusive;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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isSurrogatepublic static boolean isSurrogate(char ch) Determines if the givencharvalue is a Unicode surrogate code unit.Such values do not represent characters by themselves, but are used in the representation of supplementary characters in the UTF-16 encoding. A char value is a surrogate code unit if and only if it is either a low-surrogate code unit or a high-surrogate code unit. - Parameters:
- ch- the- charvalue to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the- charvalue is between- MIN_SURROGATEand- MAX_SURROGATEinclusive;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.7
 
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isSurrogatePairpublic static boolean isSurrogatePair(char high, char low) Determines whether the specified pair ofcharvalues is a valid Unicode surrogate pair.This method is equivalent to the expression: isHighSurrogate(high) && isLowSurrogate(low)- Parameters:
- high- the high-surrogate code value to be tested
- low- the low-surrogate code value to be tested
- Returns:
- trueif the specified high and low-surrogate code values represent a valid surrogate pair;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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charCountpublic static int charCount(int codePoint) Determines the number ofcharvalues needed to represent the specified character (Unicode code point). If the specified character is equal to or greater than 0x10000, then the method returns 2. Otherwise, the method returns 1.This method doesn't validate the specified character to be a valid Unicode code point. The caller must validate the character value using isValidCodePointif necessary.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- 2 if the character is a valid supplementary character; 1 otherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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toCodePointpublic static int toCodePoint(char high, char low) Converts the specified surrogate pair to its supplementary code point value. This method does not validate the specified surrogate pair. The caller must validate it usingisSurrogatePairif necessary.- Parameters:
- high- the high-surrogate code unit
- low- the low-surrogate code unit
- Returns:
- the supplementary code point composed from the specified surrogate pair.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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codePointAtReturns the code point at the given index of theCharSequence. If thecharvalue at the given index in theCharSequenceis in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than the length of theCharSequence, and thecharvalue at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, thecharvalue at the given index is returned.- Parameters:
- seq- a sequence of- charvalues (Unicode code units)
- index- the index to the- charvalues (Unicode code units) in- seqto be converted
- Returns:
- the Unicode code point at the given index
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- seqis null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if the value- indexis negative or not less than- seq.length().
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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codePointAtpublic static int codePointAt(char[] a, int index) Returns the code point at the given index of thechararray. If thecharvalue at the given index in thechararray is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than the length of thechararray, and thecharvalue at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, thecharvalue at the given index is returned.- Parameters:
- a- the- chararray
- index- the index to the- charvalues (Unicode code units) in the- chararray to be converted
- Returns:
- the Unicode code point at the given index
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- ais null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if the value- indexis negative or not less than the length of the- chararray.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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codePointAtpublic static int codePointAt(char[] a, int index, int limit) Returns the code point at the given index of thechararray, where only array elements withindexless thanlimitcan be used. If thecharvalue at the given index in thechararray is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than thelimit, and thecharvalue at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, thecharvalue at the given index is returned.- Parameters:
- a- the- chararray
- index- the index to the- charvalues (Unicode code units) in the- chararray to be converted
- limit- the index after the last array element that can be used in the- chararray
- Returns:
- the Unicode code point at the given index
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- ais null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if the- indexargument is negative or not less than the- limitargument, or if the- limitargument is negative or greater than the length of the- chararray.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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codePointBeforeReturns the code point preceding the given index of theCharSequence. If thecharvalue at(index - 1)in theCharSequenceis in the low-surrogate range,(index - 2)is not negative, and thecharvalue at(index - 2)in theCharSequenceis in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, thecharvalue at(index - 1)is returned.- Parameters:
- seq- the- CharSequenceinstance
- index- the index following the code point that should be returned
- Returns:
- the Unicode code point value before the given index.
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- seqis null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if the- indexargument is less than 1 or greater than- seq.length().
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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codePointBeforepublic static int codePointBefore(char[] a, int index) Returns the code point preceding the given index of thechararray. If thecharvalue at(index - 1)in thechararray is in the low-surrogate range,(index - 2)is not negative, and thecharvalue at(index - 2)in thechararray is in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, thecharvalue at(index - 1)is returned.- Parameters:
- a- the- chararray
- index- the index following the code point that should be returned
- Returns:
- the Unicode code point value before the given index.
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- ais null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if the- indexargument is less than 1 or greater than the length of the- chararray
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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codePointBeforepublic static int codePointBefore(char[] a, int index, int start) Returns the code point preceding the given index of thechararray, where only array elements withindexgreater than or equal tostartcan be used. If thecharvalue at(index - 1)in thechararray is in the low-surrogate range,(index - 2)is not less thanstart, and thecharvalue at(index - 2)in thechararray is in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, thecharvalue at(index - 1)is returned.- Parameters:
- a- the- chararray
- index- the index following the code point that should be returned
- start- the index of the first array element in the- chararray
- Returns:
- the Unicode code point value before the given index.
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- ais null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if the- indexargument is not greater than the- startargument or is greater than the length of the- chararray, or if the- startargument is negative or not less than the length of the- chararray.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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highSurrogatepublic static char highSurrogate(int codePoint) Returns the leading surrogate (a high surrogate code unit) of the surrogate pair representing the specified supplementary character (Unicode code point) in the UTF-16 encoding. If the specified character is not a supplementary character, an unspecifiedcharis returned.If isSupplementaryCodePoint(x)istrue, thenisHighSurrogate(highSurrogate(x))andtoCodePoint(highSurrogate(x),lowSurrogate(x)) == xare also alwaystrue.- Parameters:
- codePoint- a supplementary character (Unicode code point)
- Returns:
- the leading surrogate code unit used to represent the character in the UTF-16 encoding
- Since:
- 1.7
 
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lowSurrogatepublic static char lowSurrogate(int codePoint) Returns the trailing surrogate (a low surrogate code unit) of the surrogate pair representing the specified supplementary character (Unicode code point) in the UTF-16 encoding. If the specified character is not a supplementary character, an unspecifiedcharis returned.If isSupplementaryCodePoint(x)istrue, thenisLowSurrogate(lowSurrogate(x))andtoCodePoint(highSurrogate(x), lowSurrogate(x)) == xare also alwaystrue.- Parameters:
- codePoint- a supplementary character (Unicode code point)
- Returns:
- the trailing surrogate code unit used to represent the character in the UTF-16 encoding
- Since:
- 1.7
 
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toCharspublic static int toChars(int codePoint, char[] dst, int dstIndex) Converts the specified character (Unicode code point) to its UTF-16 representation. If the specified code point is a BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane or Plane 0) value, the same value is stored indst[dstIndex], and 1 is returned. If the specified code point is a supplementary character, its surrogate values are stored indst[dstIndex](high-surrogate) anddst[dstIndex+1](low-surrogate), and 2 is returned.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be converted.
- dst- an array of- charin which the- codePoint's UTF-16 value is stored.
- dstIndex- the start index into the- dstarray where the converted value is stored.
- Returns:
- 1 if the code point is a BMP code point, 2 if the code point is a supplementary code point.
- Throws:
- IllegalArgumentException- if the specified- codePointis not a valid Unicode code point.
- NullPointerException- if the specified- dstis null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if- dstIndexis negative or not less than- dst.length, or if- dstat- dstIndexdoesn't have enough array element(s) to store the resulting- charvalue(s). (If- dstIndexis equal to- dst.length-1and the specified- codePointis a supplementary character, the high-surrogate value is not stored in- dst[dstIndex].)
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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toCharspublic static char[] toChars(int codePoint) Converts the specified character (Unicode code point) to its UTF-16 representation stored in achararray. If the specified code point is a BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane or Plane 0) value, the resultingchararray has the same value ascodePoint. If the specified code point is a supplementary code point, the resultingchararray has the corresponding surrogate pair.- Parameters:
- codePoint- a Unicode code point
- Returns:
- a chararray havingcodePoint's UTF-16 representation.
- Throws:
- IllegalArgumentException- if the specified- codePointis not a valid Unicode code point.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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codePointCountReturns the number of Unicode code points in the text range of the specified char sequence. The text range begins at the specifiedbeginIndexand extends to thecharat indexendIndex - 1. Thus the length (inchars) of the text range isendIndex-beginIndex. Unpaired surrogates within the text range count as one code point each.- Parameters:
- seq- the char sequence
- beginIndex- the index to the first- charof the text range.
- endIndex- the index after the last- charof the text range.
- Returns:
- the number of Unicode code points in the specified text range
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- seqis null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if the- beginIndexis negative, or- endIndexis larger than the length of the given sequence, or- beginIndexis larger than- endIndex.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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codePointCountpublic static int codePointCount(char[] a, int offset, int count) Returns the number of Unicode code points in a subarray of thechararray argument. Theoffsetargument is the index of the firstcharof the subarray and thecountargument specifies the length of the subarray inchars. Unpaired surrogates within the subarray count as one code point each.- Parameters:
- a- the- chararray
- offset- the index of the first- charin the given- chararray
- count- the length of the subarray in- chars
- Returns:
- the number of Unicode code points in the specified subarray
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- ais null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if- offsetor- countis negative, or if- offset + countis larger than the length of the given array.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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offsetByCodePointsReturns the index within the given char sequence that is offset from the givenindexbycodePointOffsetcode points. Unpaired surrogates within the text range given byindexandcodePointOffsetcount as one code point each.- Parameters:
- seq- the char sequence
- index- the index to be offset
- codePointOffset- the offset in code points
- Returns:
- the index within the char sequence
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- seqis null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if- indexis negative or larger than the length of the char sequence, or if- codePointOffsetis positive and the subsequence starting with- indexhas fewer than- codePointOffsetcode points, or if- codePointOffsetis negative and the subsequence before- indexhas fewer than the absolute value of- codePointOffsetcode points.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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offsetByCodePointspublic static int offsetByCodePoints(char[] a, int start, int count, int index, int codePointOffset) Returns the index within the givencharsubarray that is offset from the givenindexbycodePointOffsetcode points. Thestartandcountarguments specify a subarray of thechararray. Unpaired surrogates within the text range given byindexandcodePointOffsetcount as one code point each.- Parameters:
- a- the- chararray
- start- the index of the first- charof the subarray
- count- the length of the subarray in- chars
- index- the index to be offset
- codePointOffset- the offset in code points
- Returns:
- the index within the subarray
- Throws:
- NullPointerException- if- ais null.
- IndexOutOfBoundsException- if- startor- countis negative, or if- start + countis larger than the length of the given array, or if- indexis less than- startor larger then- start + count, or if- codePointOffsetis positive and the text range starting with- indexand ending with- start + count - 1has fewer than- codePointOffsetcode points, or if- codePointOffsetis negative and the text range starting with- startand ending with- index - 1has fewer than the absolute value of- codePointOffsetcode points.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
- 
isLowerCasepublic static boolean isLowerCase(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a lowercase character.A character is lowercase if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), isLOWERCASE_LETTER, or it has contributory property Other_Lowercase as defined by the Unicode Standard.The following are examples of lowercase characters: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z '\u00DF' '\u00E0' '\u00E1' '\u00E2' '\u00E3' '\u00E4' '\u00E5' '\u00E6' '\u00E7' '\u00E8' '\u00E9' '\u00EA' '\u00EB' '\u00EC' '\u00ED' '\u00EE' '\u00EF' '\u00F0' '\u00F1' '\u00F2' '\u00F3' '\u00F4' '\u00F5' '\u00F6' '\u00F8' '\u00F9' '\u00FA' '\u00FB' '\u00FC' '\u00FD' '\u00FE' '\u00FF' Many other Unicode characters are lowercase too. Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isLowerCase(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is lowercase;- falseotherwise.
- See Also:
 
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isLowerCasepublic static boolean isLowerCase(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a lowercase character.A character is lowercase if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), isLOWERCASE_LETTER, or it has contributory property Other_Lowercase as defined by the Unicode Standard.The following are examples of lowercase characters: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z '\u00DF' '\u00E0' '\u00E1' '\u00E2' '\u00E3' '\u00E4' '\u00E5' '\u00E6' '\u00E7' '\u00E8' '\u00E9' '\u00EA' '\u00EB' '\u00EC' '\u00ED' '\u00EE' '\u00EF' '\u00F0' '\u00F1' '\u00F2' '\u00F3' '\u00F4' '\u00F5' '\u00F6' '\u00F8' '\u00F9' '\u00FA' '\u00FB' '\u00FC' '\u00FD' '\u00FE' '\u00FF' Many other Unicode characters are lowercase too. - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is lowercase;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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isUpperCasepublic static boolean isUpperCase(char ch) Determines if the specified character is an uppercase character.A character is uppercase if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), isUPPERCASE_LETTER. or it has contributory property Other_Uppercase as defined by the Unicode Standard.The following are examples of uppercase characters: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z '\u00C0' '\u00C1' '\u00C2' '\u00C3' '\u00C4' '\u00C5' '\u00C6' '\u00C7' '\u00C8' '\u00C9' '\u00CA' '\u00CB' '\u00CC' '\u00CD' '\u00CE' '\u00CF' '\u00D0' '\u00D1' '\u00D2' '\u00D3' '\u00D4' '\u00D5' '\u00D6' '\u00D8' '\u00D9' '\u00DA' '\u00DB' '\u00DC' '\u00DD' '\u00DE' Many other Unicode characters are uppercase too. Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isUpperCase(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is uppercase;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.0
- See Also:
 
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isUpperCasepublic static boolean isUpperCase(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an uppercase character.A character is uppercase if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), isUPPERCASE_LETTER, or it has contributory property Other_Uppercase as defined by the Unicode Standard.The following are examples of uppercase characters: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z '\u00C0' '\u00C1' '\u00C2' '\u00C3' '\u00C4' '\u00C5' '\u00C6' '\u00C7' '\u00C8' '\u00C9' '\u00CA' '\u00CB' '\u00CC' '\u00CD' '\u00CE' '\u00CF' '\u00D0' '\u00D1' '\u00D2' '\u00D3' '\u00D4' '\u00D5' '\u00D6' '\u00D8' '\u00D9' '\u00DA' '\u00DB' '\u00DC' '\u00DD' '\u00DE' Many other Unicode characters are uppercase too. - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is uppercase;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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isTitleCasepublic static boolean isTitleCase(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a titlecase character.A character is a titlecase character if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), isTITLECASE_LETTER.Some characters look like pairs of Latin letters. For example, there is an uppercase letter that looks like "LJ" and has a corresponding lowercase letter that looks like "lj". A third form, which looks like "Lj", is the appropriate form to use when rendering a word in lowercase with initial capitals, as for a book title. These are some of the Unicode characters for which this method returns true:- LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
- LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH SMALL LETTER J
- LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH SMALL LETTER J
- LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z
 Many other Unicode characters are titlecase too. Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isTitleCase(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is titlecase;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.0.2
- See Also:
 
- 
isTitleCasepublic static boolean isTitleCase(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a titlecase character.A character is a titlecase character if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), isTITLECASE_LETTER.Some characters look like pairs of Latin letters. For example, there is an uppercase letter that looks like "LJ" and has a corresponding lowercase letter that looks like "lj". A third form, which looks like "Lj", is the appropriate form to use when rendering a word in lowercase with initial capitals, as for a book title. These are some of the Unicode characters for which this method returns true:- LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
- LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH SMALL LETTER J
- LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH SMALL LETTER J
- LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z
 Many other Unicode characters are titlecase too. - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is titlecase;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
isDigitpublic static boolean isDigit(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a digit.A character is a digit if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), isDECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER.Some Unicode character ranges that contain digits: - '\u0030'through- '\u0039', ISO-LATIN-1 digits (- '0'through- '9')
- '\u0660'through- '\u0669', Arabic-Indic digits
- '\u06F0'through- '\u06F9', Extended Arabic-Indic digits
- '\u0966'through- '\u096F', Devanagari digits
- '\uFF10'through- '\uFF19', Fullwidth digits
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isDigit(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a digit;- falseotherwise.
- See Also:
 
- 
isDigitpublic static boolean isDigit(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a digit.A character is a digit if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), isDECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER.Some Unicode character ranges that contain digits: - '\u0030'through- '\u0039', ISO-LATIN-1 digits (- '0'through- '9')
- '\u0660'through- '\u0669', Arabic-Indic digits
- '\u06F0'through- '\u06F9', Extended Arabic-Indic digits
- '\u0966'through- '\u096F', Devanagari digits
- '\uFF10'through- '\uFF19', Fullwidth digits
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a digit;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
isDefinedpublic static boolean isDefined(char ch) Determines if a character is defined in Unicode.A character is defined if at least one of the following is true: - It has an entry in the UnicodeData file.
- It has a value in a range defined by the UnicodeData file.
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isDefined(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested
- Returns:
- trueif the character has a defined meaning in Unicode;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.0.2
- See Also:
 
- 
isDefinedpublic static boolean isDefined(int codePoint) Determines if a character (Unicode code point) is defined in Unicode.A character is defined if at least one of the following is true: - It has an entry in the UnicodeData file.
- It has a value in a range defined by the UnicodeData file.
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character has a defined meaning in Unicode;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
isLetterpublic static boolean isLetter(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a letter.A character is considered to be a letter if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is any of the following:-  UPPERCASE_LETTER
-  LOWERCASE_LETTER
-  TITLECASE_LETTER
-  MODIFIER_LETTER
-  OTHER_LETTER
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isLetter(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a letter;- falseotherwise.
- See Also:
 
-  
- 
isLetterpublic static boolean isLetter(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a letter.A character is considered to be a letter if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), is any of the following:-  UPPERCASE_LETTER
-  LOWERCASE_LETTER
-  TITLECASE_LETTER
-  MODIFIER_LETTER
-  OTHER_LETTER
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a letter;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
-  
- 
isLetterOrDigitpublic static boolean isLetterOrDigit(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a letter or digit.A character is considered to be a letter or digit if either Character.isLetter(char ch)orCharacter.isDigit(char ch)returnstruefor the character.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isLetterOrDigit(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a letter or digit;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.0.2
- See Also:
 
- 
isLetterOrDigitpublic static boolean isLetterOrDigit(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a letter or digit.A character is considered to be a letter or digit if either isLetter(codePoint)orisDigit(codePoint)returnstruefor the character.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a letter or digit;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
isJavaLetterDeprecated.Replaced by isJavaIdentifierStart(char).Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true: -  isLetter(ch)returnstrue
-  getType(ch)returnsLETTER_NUMBER
-  chis a currency symbol (such as'$')
-  chis a connecting punctuation character (such as'_').
 - Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may start a Java identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.0.2
- See Also:
 
-  
- 
isJavaLetterOrDigitDeprecated.Replaced by isJavaIdentifierPart(char).Determines if the specified character may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.A character may be part of a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true: - it is a letter
-   it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
-   it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
- it is a digit
- it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
- it is a combining mark
- it is a non-spacing mark
-  isIdentifierIgnorablereturnstruefor the character.
 - Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may be part of a Java identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.0.2
- See Also:
 
- 
isAlphabeticpublic static boolean isAlphabetic(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is alphabetic.A character is considered to be alphabetic if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), is any of the following:-  UPPERCASE_LETTER
-  LOWERCASE_LETTER
-  TITLECASE_LETTER
-  MODIFIER_LETTER
-  OTHER_LETTER
-  LETTER_NUMBER
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a Unicode alphabet character,- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.7
 
-  
- 
isIdeographicpublic static boolean isIdeographic(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a CJKV (Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese) ideograph, as defined by the Unicode Standard.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a Unicode ideograph character,- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.7
 
- 
isJavaIdentifierStartpublic static boolean isJavaIdentifierStart(char ch) Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true: -  isLetter(ch)returnstrue
-  getType(ch)returnsLETTER_NUMBER
-  chis a currency symbol (such as'$')
-  chis a connecting punctuation character (such as'_').
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isJavaIdentifierStart(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may start a Java identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
-  
- 
isJavaIdentifierStartpublic static boolean isJavaIdentifierStart(int codePoint) Determines if the character (Unicode code point) is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true: -  isLetter(codePoint)returnstrue
-  getType(codePoint)returnsLETTER_NUMBER
-  the referenced character is a currency symbol (such as '$')
-  the referenced character is a connecting punctuation character
      (such as '_').
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may start a Java identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
-  
- 
isJavaIdentifierPartpublic static boolean isJavaIdentifierPart(char ch) Determines if the specified character may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.A character may be part of a Java identifier if any of the following conditions are true: - it is a letter
-   it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
-   it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
- it is a digit
- it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
- it is a combining mark
- it is a non-spacing mark
-  isIdentifierIgnorablereturnstruefor the character
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isJavaIdentifierPart(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may be part of a Java identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
isJavaIdentifierPartpublic static boolean isJavaIdentifierPart(int codePoint) Determines if the character (Unicode code point) may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.A character may be part of a Java identifier if any of the following conditions are true: - it is a letter
-   it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
-   it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
- it is a digit
- it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
- it is a combining mark
- it is a non-spacing mark
-  isIdentifierIgnorable(codePoint)returnstruefor the code point
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may be part of a Java identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
isUnicodeIdentifierStartpublic static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierStart(char ch) Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Unicode identifier.A character may start a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true: -  isLetter(ch)returnstrue
-  getType(ch)returnsLETTER_NUMBER.
-  it is an 
      Other_ID_Startcharacter.
 This method conforms to UAX31-R1: Default Identifiers requirement of the Unicode Standard, with the following profile of UAX31: Start := ID_Start + 'VERTICAL TILDE' (U+2E2F) 'VERTICAL TILDE'is added toStartfor backward compatibility.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isUnicodeIdentifierStart(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may start a Unicode identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.1
- External Specifications
- See Also:
 
-  
- 
isUnicodeIdentifierStartpublic static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierStart(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is permissible as the first character in a Unicode identifier.A character may start a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true: -  isLetter(codePoint)returnstrue
-  getType(codePoint)returnsLETTER_NUMBER.
-  it is an 
      Other_ID_Startcharacter.
 This method conforms to UAX31-R1: Default Identifiers requirement of the Unicode Standard, with the following profile of UAX31: Start := ID_Start + 'VERTICAL TILDE' (U+2E2F) 'VERTICAL TILDE'is added toStartfor backward compatibility.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may start a Unicode identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- External Specifications
- See Also:
 
-  
- 
isUnicodeIdentifierPartpublic static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierPart(char ch) Determines if the specified character may be part of a Unicode identifier as other than the first character.A character may be part of a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following statements is true: - it is a letter
-   it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
- it is a digit
- it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
- it is a combining mark
- it is a non-spacing mark
-  isIdentifierIgnorablereturnstruefor this character.
-  it is an 
      Other_ID_Startcharacter.
-  it is an 
      Other_ID_Continuecharacter.
 This method conforms to UAX31-R1: Default Identifiers requirement of the Unicode Standard, with the following profile of UAX31: Continue := Start + ID_Continue + ignorable Medial := empty ignorable := isIdentifierIgnorable(char) returns true for the character ignorableis added toContinuefor backward compatibility.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isUnicodeIdentifierPart(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may be part of a Unicode identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.1
- External Specifications
- See Also:
 
- 
isUnicodeIdentifierPartpublic static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierPart(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) may be part of a Unicode identifier as other than the first character.A character may be part of a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following statements is true: - it is a letter
-   it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
- it is a digit
- it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
- it is a combining mark
- it is a non-spacing mark
-  isIdentifierIgnorablereturnstruefor this character.
-  it is an 
      Other_ID_Startcharacter.
-  it is an 
      Other_ID_Continuecharacter.
 This method conforms to UAX31-R1: Default Identifiers requirement of the Unicode Standard, with the following profile of UAX31: Continue := Start + ID_Continue + ignorable Medial := empty ignorable := isIdentifierIgnorable(int) returns true for the character ignorableis added toContinuefor backward compatibility.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character may be part of a Unicode identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- External Specifications
- See Also:
 
- 
isIdentifierIgnorablepublic static boolean isIdentifierIgnorable(char ch) Determines if the specified character should be regarded as an ignorable character in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier.The following Unicode characters are ignorable in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier: - ISO control characters that are not whitespace
 - '\u0000'through- '\u0008'
- '\u000E'through- '\u001B'
- '\u007F'through- '\u009F'
 
- all characters that have the FORMATgeneral category value
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isIdentifierIgnorable(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an ignorable control character that may be part of a Java or Unicode identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- ISO control characters that are not whitespace
 
- 
isIdentifierIgnorablepublic static boolean isIdentifierIgnorable(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) should be regarded as an ignorable character in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier.The following Unicode characters are ignorable in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier: - ISO control characters that are not whitespace
 - '\u0000'through- '\u0008'
- '\u000E'through- '\u001B'
- '\u007F'through- '\u009F'
 
- all characters that have the FORMATgeneral category value
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an ignorable control character that may be part of a Java or Unicode identifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- ISO control characters that are not whitespace
 
- 
isEmojipublic static boolean isEmoji(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji.A character is considered to be an Emoji if and only if it has the Emojiproperty, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an Emoji;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 21
 
- 
isEmojiPresentationpublic static boolean isEmojiPresentation(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) has the Emoji Presentation property by default.A character is considered to have the Emoji Presentation property if and only if it has the Emoji_Presentationproperty, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character has the Emoji Presentation property;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 21
 
- 
isEmojiModifierpublic static boolean isEmojiModifier(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Modifier.A character is considered to be an Emoji Modifier if and only if it has the Emoji_Modifierproperty, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an Emoji Modifier;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 21
 
- 
isEmojiModifierBasepublic static boolean isEmojiModifierBase(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Modifier Base.A character is considered to be an Emoji Modifier Base if and only if it has the Emoji_Modifier_Baseproperty, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an Emoji Modifier Base;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 21
 
- 
isEmojiComponentpublic static boolean isEmojiComponent(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Component.A character is considered to be an Emoji Component if and only if it has the Emoji_Componentproperty, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an Emoji Component;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 21
 
- 
isExtendedPictographicpublic static boolean isExtendedPictographic(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Extended Pictographic.A character is considered to be an Extended Pictographic if and only if it has the Extended_Pictographicproperty, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an Extended Pictographic;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 21
 
- 
toLowerCasepublic static char toLowerCase(char ch) Converts the character argument to lowercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.Note that Character.isLowerCase(Character.toLowerCase(ch))does not always returntruefor some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.In general, String.toLowerCase()should be used to map characters to lowercase.Stringcase mapping methods have several benefits overCharactercase mapping methods.Stringcase mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas theCharactercase mapping methods cannot.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the toLowerCase(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be converted.
- Returns:
- the lowercase equivalent of the character, if any; otherwise, the character itself.
- See Also:
 
- 
toLowerCasepublic static int toLowerCase(int codePoint) Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to lowercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.Note that Character.isLowerCase(Character.toLowerCase(codePoint))does not always returntruefor some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.In general, String.toLowerCase()should be used to map characters to lowercase.Stringcase mapping methods have several benefits overCharactercase mapping methods.Stringcase mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas theCharactercase mapping methods cannot.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be converted.
- Returns:
- the lowercase equivalent of the character (Unicode code point), if any; otherwise, the character itself.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
toUpperCasepublic static char toUpperCase(char ch) Converts the character argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.Note that Character.isUpperCase(Character.toUpperCase(ch))does not always returntruefor some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.In general, String.toUpperCase()should be used to map characters to uppercase.Stringcase mapping methods have several benefits overCharactercase mapping methods.Stringcase mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas theCharactercase mapping methods cannot.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the toUpperCase(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be converted.
- Returns:
- the uppercase equivalent of the character, if any; otherwise, the character itself.
- See Also:
 
- 
toUpperCasepublic static int toUpperCase(int codePoint) Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.Note that Character.isUpperCase(Character.toUpperCase(codePoint))does not always returntruefor some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.In general, String.toUpperCase()should be used to map characters to uppercase.Stringcase mapping methods have several benefits overCharactercase mapping methods.Stringcase mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas theCharactercase mapping methods cannot.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be converted.
- Returns:
- the uppercase equivalent of the character, if any; otherwise, the character itself.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
toTitleCasepublic static char toTitleCase(char ch) Converts the character argument to titlecase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file. If a character has no explicit titlecase mapping and is not itself a titlecase char according to UnicodeData, then the uppercase mapping is returned as an equivalent titlecase mapping. If thecharargument is already a titlecasechar, the samecharvalue will be returned.Note that Character.isTitleCase(Character.toTitleCase(ch))does not always returntruefor some ranges of characters.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the toTitleCase(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be converted.
- Returns:
- the titlecase equivalent of the character, if any; otherwise, the character itself.
- Since:
- 1.0.2
- See Also:
 
- 
toTitleCasepublic static int toTitleCase(int codePoint) Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to titlecase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file. If a character has no explicit titlecase mapping and is not itself a titlecase char according to UnicodeData, then the uppercase mapping is returned as an equivalent titlecase mapping. If the character argument is already a titlecase character, the same character value will be returned.Note that Character.isTitleCase(Character.toTitleCase(codePoint))does not always returntruefor some ranges of characters.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be converted.
- Returns:
- the titlecase equivalent of the character, if any; otherwise, the character itself.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
digitpublic static int digit(char ch, int radix) Returns the numeric value of the characterchin the specified radix.If the radix is not in the range MIN_RADIX≤radix≤MAX_RADIXor if the value ofchis not a valid digit in the specified radix,-1is returned. A character is a valid digit if at least one of the following is true:- The method isDigitistrueof the character and the Unicode decimal digit value of the character (or its single-character decomposition) is less than the specified radix. In this case the decimal digit value is returned.
- The character is one of the uppercase Latin letters
     'A'through'Z'and its code is less thanradix + 'A' - 10. In this case,ch - 'A' + 10is returned.
- The character is one of the lowercase Latin letters
     'a'through'z'and its code is less thanradix + 'a' - 10. In this case,ch - 'a' + 10is returned.
- The character is one of the fullwidth uppercase Latin letters A
     ('\uFF21') through Z ('\uFF3A') and its code is less thanradix + '\uFF21' - 10. In this case,ch - '\uFF21' + 10is returned.
- The character is one of the fullwidth lowercase Latin letters a
     ('\uFF41') through z ('\uFF5A') and its code is less thanradix + '\uFF41' - 10. In this case,ch - '\uFF41' + 10is returned.
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the digit(int, int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be converted.
- radix- the radix.
- Returns:
- the numeric value represented by the character in the specified radix.
- See Also:
 
- The method 
- 
digitpublic static int digit(int codePoint, int radix) Returns the numeric value of the specified character (Unicode code point) in the specified radix.If the radix is not in the range MIN_RADIX≤radix≤MAX_RADIXor if the character is not a valid digit in the specified radix,-1is returned. A character is a valid digit if at least one of the following is true:- The method isDigit(codePoint)istrueof the character and the Unicode decimal digit value of the character (or its single-character decomposition) is less than the specified radix. In this case the decimal digit value is returned.
- The character is one of the uppercase Latin letters
     'A'through'Z'and its code is less thanradix + 'A' - 10. In this case,codePoint - 'A' + 10is returned.
- The character is one of the lowercase Latin letters
     'a'through'z'and its code is less thanradix + 'a' - 10. In this case,codePoint - 'a' + 10is returned.
- The character is one of the fullwidth uppercase Latin letters A
     ('\uFF21') through Z ('\uFF3A') and its code is less thanradix + '\uFF21' - 10. In this case,codePoint - '\uFF21' + 10is returned.
- The character is one of the fullwidth lowercase Latin letters a
     ('\uFF41') through z ('\uFF5A') and its code is less thanradix + '\uFF41'- 10. In this case,codePoint - '\uFF41' + 10is returned.
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be converted.
- radix- the radix.
- Returns:
- the numeric value represented by the character in the specified radix.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- The method 
- 
getNumericValuepublic static int getNumericValue(char ch) Returns theintvalue that the specified Unicode character represents. For example, the character'\u216C'(the roman numeral fifty) will return an int with a value of 50.The letters A-Z in their uppercase ( '\u0041'through'\u005A'), lowercase ('\u0061'through'\u007A'), and full width variant ('\uFF21'through'\uFF3A'and'\uFF41'through'\uFF5A') forms have numeric values from 10 through 35. This is independent of the Unicode specification, which does not assign numeric values to thesecharvalues.If the character does not have a numeric value, then -1 is returned. If the character has a numeric value that cannot be represented as a nonnegative integer (for example, a fractional value), then -2 is returned. Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the getNumericValue(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be converted.
- Returns:
- the numeric value of the character, as a nonnegative intvalue; -2 if the character has a numeric value but the value can not be represented as a nonnegativeintvalue; -1 if the character has no numeric value.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
- 
getNumericValuepublic static int getNumericValue(int codePoint) Returns theintvalue that the specified character (Unicode code point) represents. For example, the character'\u216C'(the Roman numeral fifty) will return anintwith a value of 50.The letters A-Z in their uppercase ( '\u0041'through'\u005A'), lowercase ('\u0061'through'\u007A'), and full width variant ('\uFF21'through'\uFF3A'and'\uFF41'through'\uFF5A') forms have numeric values from 10 through 35. This is independent of the Unicode specification, which does not assign numeric values to thesecharvalues.If the character does not have a numeric value, then -1 is returned. If the character has a numeric value that cannot be represented as a nonnegative integer (for example, a fractional value), then -2 is returned. - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be converted.
- Returns:
- the numeric value of the character, as a nonnegative intvalue; -2 if the character has a numeric value but the value can not be represented as a nonnegativeintvalue; -1 if the character has no numeric value.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
- 
isSpaceDeprecated.Replaced by isWhitespace(char).Determines if the specified character is ISO-LATIN-1 white space. This method returnstruefor the following five characters only:Character Code Name '\t'U+0009HORIZONTAL TABULATION'\n'U+000ANEW LINE'\f'U+000CFORM FEED'\r'U+000DCARRIAGE RETURN' 'U+0020SPACE- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is ISO-LATIN-1 white space;- falseotherwise.
- See Also:
 
- 
isSpaceCharpublic static boolean isSpaceChar(char ch) Determines if the specified character is a Unicode space character. A character is considered to be a space character if and only if it is specified to be a space character by the Unicode Standard. This method returns true if the character's general category type is any of the following:-  SPACE_SEPARATOR
-  LINE_SEPARATOR
-  PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isSpaceChar(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a space character;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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isSpaceCharpublic static boolean isSpaceChar(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a Unicode space character. A character is considered to be a space character if and only if it is specified to be a space character by the Unicode Standard. This method returns true if the character's general category type is any of the following:- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a space character;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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isWhitespacepublic static boolean isWhitespace(char ch) Determines if the specified character is white space according to Java. A character is a Java whitespace character if and only if it satisfies one of the following criteria:-  It is a Unicode space character (SPACE_SEPARATOR,LINE_SEPARATOR, orPARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR) but is not also a non-breaking space ('\u00A0','\u2007','\u202F').
-  It is '\t', U+0009 HORIZONTAL TABULATION.
-  It is '\n', U+000A LINE FEED.
-  It is '\u000B', U+000B VERTICAL TABULATION.
-  It is '\f', U+000C FORM FEED.
-  It is '\r', U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN.
-  It is '\u001C', U+001C FILE SEPARATOR.
-  It is '\u001D', U+001D GROUP SEPARATOR.
-  It is '\u001E', U+001E RECORD SEPARATOR.
-  It is '\u001F', U+001F UNIT SEPARATOR.
 Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isWhitespace(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a Java whitespace character;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
-  It is a Unicode space character (
- 
isWhitespacepublic static boolean isWhitespace(int codePoint) Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is white space according to Java. A character is a Java whitespace character if and only if it satisfies one of the following criteria:-  It is a Unicode space character (SPACE_SEPARATOR,LINE_SEPARATOR, orPARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR) but is not also a non-breaking space ('\u00A0','\u2007','\u202F').
-  It is '\t', U+0009 HORIZONTAL TABULATION.
-  It is '\n', U+000A LINE FEED.
-  It is '\u000B', U+000B VERTICAL TABULATION.
-  It is '\f', U+000C FORM FEED.
-  It is '\r', U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN.
-  It is '\u001C', U+001C FILE SEPARATOR.
-  It is '\u001D', U+001D GROUP SEPARATOR.
-  It is '\u001E', U+001E RECORD SEPARATOR.
-  It is '\u001F', U+001F UNIT SEPARATOR.
 - Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is a Java whitespace character;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
-  It is a Unicode space character (
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isISOControlpublic static boolean isISOControl(char ch) Determines if the specified character is an ISO control character. A character is considered to be an ISO control character if its code is in the range'\u0000'through'\u001F'or in the range'\u007F'through'\u009F'.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isISOControl(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an ISO control character;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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isISOControlpublic static boolean isISOControl(int codePoint) Determines if the referenced character (Unicode code point) is an ISO control character. A character is considered to be an ISO control character if its code is in the range'\u0000'through'\u001F'or in the range'\u007F'through'\u009F'.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is an ISO control character;- falseotherwise.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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getTypepublic static int getType(char ch) Returns a value indicating a character's general category.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the getType(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch- the character to be tested.
- Returns:
- a value of type intrepresenting the character's general category.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
 
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getTypepublic static int getType(int codePoint) Returns a value indicating a character's general category.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- a value of type intrepresenting the character's general category.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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forDigitpublic static char forDigit(int digit, int radix) Determines the character representation for a specific digit in the specified radix. If the value ofradixis not a valid radix, or the value ofdigitis not a valid digit in the specified radix, the null character ('\u0000') is returned.The radixargument is valid if it is greater than or equal toMIN_RADIXand less than or equal toMAX_RADIX. Thedigitargument is valid if0 <= digit < radix.If the digit is less than 10, then '0' + digitis returned. Otherwise, the value'a' + digit - 10is returned.- Parameters:
- digit- the number to convert to a character.
- radix- the radix.
- Returns:
- the charrepresentation of the specified digit in the specified radix.
- See Also:
 
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getDirectionalitypublic static byte getDirectionality(char ch) Returns the Unicode directionality property for the given character. Character directionality is used to calculate the visual ordering of text. The directionality value of undefinedcharvalues isDIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINED.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the getDirectionality(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch-- charfor which the directionality property is requested.
- Returns:
- the directionality property of the charvalue.
- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
 
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getDirectionalitypublic static byte getDirectionality(int codePoint) Returns the Unicode directionality property for the given character (Unicode code point). Character directionality is used to calculate the visual ordering of text. The directionality value of undefined character isDIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINED.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) for which the directionality property is requested.
- Returns:
- the directionality property of the character.
- Since:
- 1.5
- See Also:
 
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isMirroredpublic static boolean isMirrored(char ch) Determines whether the character is mirrored according to the Unicode specification. Mirrored characters should have their glyphs horizontally mirrored when displayed in text that is right-to-left. For example,'\u0028'LEFT PARENTHESIS is semantically defined to be an opening parenthesis. This will appear as a "(" in text that is left-to-right but as a ")" in text that is right-to-left.Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isMirrored(int)method.- Parameters:
- ch-- charfor which the mirrored property is requested
- Returns:
- trueif the char is mirrored,- falseif the- charis not mirrored or is not defined.
- Since:
- 1.4
 
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isMirroredpublic static boolean isMirrored(int codePoint) Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is mirrored according to the Unicode specification. Mirrored characters should have their glyphs horizontally mirrored when displayed in text that is right-to-left. For example,'\u0028'LEFT PARENTHESIS is semantically defined to be an opening parenthesis. This will appear as a "(" in text that is left-to-right but as a ")" in text that is right-to-left.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point) to be tested.
- Returns:
- trueif the character is mirrored,- falseif the character is not mirrored or is not defined.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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compareToCompares twoCharacterobjects numerically.- Specified by:
- compareToin interface- Comparable<Character>
- Parameters:
- anotherCharacter- the- Characterto be compared.
- Returns:
- the value 0if the argumentCharacteris equal to thisCharacter; a value less than0if thisCharacteris numerically less than theCharacterargument; and a value greater than0if thisCharacteris numerically greater than theCharacterargument (unsigned comparison). Note that this is strictly a numerical comparison; it is not locale-dependent.
- Since:
- 1.2
 
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comparepublic static int compare(char x, char y) Compares twocharvalues numerically. The value returned is identical to what would be returned by:Character.valueOf(x).compareTo(Character.valueOf(y))- Parameters:
- x- the first- charto compare
- y- the second- charto compare
- Returns:
- the value 0ifx == y; a value less than0ifx < y; and a value greater than0ifx > y
- Since:
- 1.7
 
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reverseBytespublic static char reverseBytes(char ch) Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bytes in the specifiedcharvalue.- Parameters:
- ch- The- charof which to reverse the byte order.
- Returns:
- the value obtained by reversing (or, equivalently, swapping)
     the bytes in the specified charvalue.
- Since:
- 1.5
 
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getNameReturns the name of the specified charactercodePoint, or null if the code point isunassigned.If the specified character is not assigned a name by the UnicodeData file (part of the Unicode Character Database maintained by the Unicode Consortium), the returned name is the same as the result of the expression: 
 For theCharacter.UnicodeBlock.of(codePoint).toString().replace('_', ' ') + " " + Integer.toHexString(codePoint).toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);codePoints in the UnicodeData file, the name returned by this method follows the naming scheme in the "Unicode Name Property" section of the Unicode Standard. For other code points, such as Hangul/Ideographs, The name generation rule above differs from the one defined in the Unicode Standard.- Parameters:
- codePoint- the character (Unicode code point)
- Returns:
- the name of the specified character, or null if the code point is unassigned.
- Throws:
- IllegalArgumentException- if the specified- codePointis not a valid Unicode code point.
- Since:
- 1.7
 
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codePointOfReturns the code point value of the Unicode character specified by the given character name.If a character is not assigned a name by the UnicodeData file (part of the Unicode Character Database maintained by the Unicode Consortium), its name is defined as the result of the expression: Character.UnicodeBlock.of(codePoint).toString().replace('_', ' ') + " " + Integer.toHexString(codePoint).toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);The namematching is case insensitive, with any leading and trailing whitespace character removed. For the code points in the UnicodeData file, this method recognizes the name which conforms to the name defined in the "Unicode Name Property" section in the Unicode Standard. For other code points, this method recognizes the name generated withgetName(int)method.- Parameters:
- name- the character name
- Returns:
- the code point value of the character specified by its name.
- Throws:
- IllegalArgumentException- if the specified- nameis not a valid character name.
- NullPointerException- if- nameis- null
- Since:
- 9
 
 
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