NOTE: The DataSource interface, provides
 another way to connect to a data source.
 The use of a DataSource object is the preferred means of
 connecting to a data source.
 
 As part of its initialization, the DriverManager class will
 attempt to load available JDBC drivers by using:
 
- The jdbc.driverssystem property which contains a colon separated list of fully qualified class names of JDBC drivers. Each driver is loaded using the system class loader:- jdbc.drivers=foo.bah.Driver:wombat.sql.Driver:bad.taste.ourDriver
 
- Service providers of the java.sql.Driverclass, that are loaded via the service-provider loading mechanism.
- Implementation Note:
- DriverManagerinitialization is done lazily and looks up service providers using the thread context class loader. The drivers loaded and available to an application will depend on the thread context class loader of the thread that triggers driver initialization by- DriverManager.- When the method - getConnectionis called, the- DriverManagerwill attempt to locate a suitable driver from amongst those loaded at initialization and those loaded explicitly using the same class loader as the current application.
- Since:
- 1.1
- See Also:
- 
Method SummaryModifier and TypeMethodDescriptionstatic voidderegisterDriver(Driver driver) Removes the specified driver from theDriverManager's list of registered drivers.drivers()Retrieves a Stream with all of the currently loaded JDBC drivers to which the current caller has access.static ConnectiongetConnection(String url) Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL.static ConnectiongetConnection(String url, String user, String password) Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL.static ConnectiongetConnection(String url, Properties info) Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL.static DriverAttempts to locate a driver that understands the given URL.static Enumeration<Driver> Retrieves an Enumeration with all of the currently loaded JDBC drivers to which the current caller has access.static intGets the maximum time in seconds that a driver can wait when attempting to log in to a database.static PrintStreamDeprecated.static PrintWriterRetrieves the log writer.static voidPrints a message to the current JDBC log stream.static voidregisterDriver(Driver driver) Registers the given driver with theDriverManager.static voidregisterDriver(Driver driver, DriverAction da) Registers the given driver with theDriverManager.static voidsetLoginTimeout(int seconds) Sets the maximum time in seconds that a driver will wait while attempting to connect to a database once the driver has been identified.static voidsetLogStream(PrintStream out) Deprecated.UsesetLogWriterstatic voidsetLogWriter(PrintWriter out) Sets the logging/tracingPrintWriterobject that is used by theDriverManagerand all drivers.
- 
Method Details- 
getLogWriterRetrieves the log writer. ThegetLogWriterandsetLogWritermethods should be used instead of theget/setlogStreammethods, which are deprecated.- Returns:
- a java.io.PrintWriterobject
- Since:
- 1.2
- See Also:
 
- 
setLogWriterSets the logging/tracingPrintWriterobject that is used by theDriverManagerand all drivers.If a security manager exists, its checkPermissionmethod is first called with aSQLPermission("setLog")permission to check that the caller is allowed to callsetLogWriter.- Parameters:
- out- the new logging/tracing- PrintStreamobject;- nullto disable logging and tracing
- Throws:
- SecurityException- if a security manager exists and its- checkPermissionmethod denies permission to set the log writer.
- Since:
- 1.2
- See Also:
 
- 
getConnectionAttempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. TheDriverManagerattempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers.Note: If a property is specified as part of the urland is also specified in thePropertiesobject, it is implementation-defined as to which value will take precedence. For maximum portability, an application should only specify a property once.- Parameters:
- url- a database url of the form- jdbc:subprotocol:subname
- info- a list of arbitrary string tag/value pairs as connection arguments; normally at least a "user" and "password" property should be included
- Returns:
- a Connection to the URL
- Throws:
- SQLException- if a database access error occurs or the url is- null
- SQLTimeoutException- when the driver has determined that the timeout value specified by the- setLoginTimeoutmethod has been exceeded and has at least tried to cancel the current database connection attempt
 
- 
getConnectionpublic static Connection getConnection(String url, String user, String password) throws SQLException Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. TheDriverManagerattempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers.Note: If the userorpasswordproperty are also specified as part of theurl, it is implementation-defined as to which value will take precedence. For maximum portability, an application should only specify a property once.- Parameters:
- url- a database url of the form- jdbc:subprotocol:subname
- user- the database user on whose behalf the connection is being made
- password- the user's password
- Returns:
- a connection to the URL
- Throws:
- SQLException- if a database access error occurs or the url is- null
- SQLTimeoutException- when the driver has determined that the timeout value specified by the- setLoginTimeoutmethod has been exceeded and has at least tried to cancel the current database connection attempt
 
- 
getConnectionAttempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. TheDriverManagerattempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers.- Parameters:
- url- a database url of the form- jdbc:subprotocol:subname
- Returns:
- a connection to the URL
- Throws:
- SQLException- if a database access error occurs or the url is- null
- SQLTimeoutException- when the driver has determined that the timeout value specified by the- setLoginTimeoutmethod has been exceeded and has at least tried to cancel the current database connection attempt
 
- 
getDriverAttempts to locate a driver that understands the given URL. TheDriverManagerattempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers.- Parameters:
- url- a database URL of the form- jdbc:subprotocol:subname
- Returns:
- a Driverobject representing a driver that can connect to the given URL
- Throws:
- SQLException- if a database access error occurs
 
- 
registerDriverRegisters the given driver with theDriverManager. A newly-loaded driver class should call the methodregisterDriverto make itself known to theDriverManager. If the driver is currently registered, no action is taken.- Parameters:
- driver- the new JDBC Driver that is to be registered with the- DriverManager
- Throws:
- SQLException- if a database access error occurs
- NullPointerException- if- driveris null
 
- 
registerDriverRegisters the given driver with theDriverManager. A newly-loaded driver class should call the methodregisterDriverto make itself known to theDriverManager. If the driver is currently registered, no action is taken.- Parameters:
- driver- the new JDBC Driver that is to be registered with the- DriverManager
- da- the- DriverActionimplementation to be used when- DriverManager#deregisterDriveris called
- Throws:
- SQLException- if a database access error occurs
- NullPointerException- if- driveris null
- Since:
- 1.8
 
- 
deregisterDriverRemoves the specified driver from theDriverManager's list of registered drivers.If a nullvalue is specified for the driver to be removed, then no action is taken.If a security manager exists, its checkPermissionmethod is first called with aSQLPermission("deregisterDriver")permission to check that the caller is allowed to deregister a JDBC Driver.If the specified driver is not found in the list of registered drivers, then no action is taken. If the driver was found, it will be removed from the list of registered drivers. If a DriverActioninstance was specified when the JDBC driver was registered, its deregister method will be called prior to the driver being removed from the list of registered drivers.- Parameters:
- driver- the JDBC Driver to remove
- Throws:
- SQLException- if a database access error occurs
- SecurityException- if a security manager exists and its- checkPermissionmethod denies permission to deregister a driver.
- See Also:
 
- 
getDriversRetrieves an Enumeration with all of the currently loaded JDBC drivers to which the current caller has access.Note: The classname of a driver can be found using d.getClass().getName()- Returns:
- the list of JDBC Drivers loaded by the caller's class loader
- See Also:
 
- 
driversRetrieves a Stream with all of the currently loaded JDBC drivers to which the current caller has access.- Returns:
- the stream of JDBC Drivers loaded by the caller's class loader
- Since:
- 9
 
- 
setLoginTimeoutpublic static void setLoginTimeout(int seconds) Sets the maximum time in seconds that a driver will wait while attempting to connect to a database once the driver has been identified.- Parameters:
- seconds- the login time limit in seconds; zero means there is no limit
- See Also:
 
- 
getLoginTimeoutpublic static int getLoginTimeout()Gets the maximum time in seconds that a driver can wait when attempting to log in to a database.- Returns:
- the driver login time limit in seconds
- See Also:
 
- 
setLogStreamDeprecated.UsesetLogWriterSets the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by theDriverManagerand all drivers.If a security manager exists, its checkPermissionmethod is first called with aSQLPermission("setLog")permission to check that the caller is allowed to callsetLogStream.- Parameters:
- out- the new logging/tracing PrintStream; to disable, set to- null
- Throws:
- SecurityException- if a security manager exists and its- checkPermissionmethod denies permission to set the log stream.
- See Also:
 
- 
getLogStreamDeprecated.UsegetLogWriterRetrieves the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by theDriverManagerand all drivers.- Returns:
- the logging/tracing PrintStream; if disabled, is null
- See Also:
 
- 
printlnPrints a message to the current JDBC log stream.- Parameters:
- message- a log or tracing message
 
 
- 
getLogWriter